• br Results The RAS MEK ERK

  2022-02-28

  

  Results The RAS/MEK/ERK pathway is a potential target of FGFR signaling. Indicative for its activation is the presence of double phosphorylated (activated) ERK (dpERK), which is generated in a series of phosphorylation events downstream of FGFR (op. cit. (Lemmon and Schlessinger, 2010)). Followin

• Binding of FGFs to FGFRs leads

  2022-02-28

  

  Binding of FGFs to FGFRs leads to receptor dimerization, resulting in the transphosphorylation of a tyrosine in the activation loop of the kinase domain. Subsequently, the activated FGFRs phosphorylate their intracellular receptor substrates, particularly FGFR substrate 2 (FRS2) and phospholipase Cγ

• br Introduction The term autophagy was coined by

  2022-02-28

  

  Introduction The term “autophagy” was coined by Christian de Duve in 1963 to describe the process of removing and degrading intracellular components such as unused proteins and damaged organelles through lysosomes [1,2]. Autophagy has been divided into three main types, namely, macroautophagy, mi

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion

  2022-02-28

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion The development of HCC is a multistep process involving the accumulation of multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations that lead to the activation of oncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes [20]. Frequent intrahepatic or pulmonary metas

• br Experimental br Results and

  2022-02-28

  

  Experimental Results and discussion One of the major challenges of oral drug delivery via nanocarriers is the fairly low efficiency of crossing the intestinal barrier. While there is the possibility of a paracellular transport for polar substances below 1000 Dalton [26], the key mechanism of o

• Taken together the four HRs couple

  2022-02-28

  

  Taken together, the four HRs couple with several different signaling pathways modulating various G-proteins (Fig. 1). Histamine H1R The H1R, including many other biogenic amine receptors, is one of the GPCR family members (see for a complete list e.g. http://www.gpcr.org/7tm/ or http://tools.gpc

• Whether histamine receptor distribution is altered

  2022-02-28

  

  Whether histamine receptor distribution is altered in canine GI diseases remains unknown, but human research has documented altered histamine receptor density in certain GI diseases (Sander et al., 2006, Deiteren et al., 2015, Von Rahden et al., 2011). Additionally, a novel H4 receptor antagonist, J

• One class of microbial derived metabolites that

  2022-02-28

  

  One class of microbial-derived metabolites that have received significant attention are the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), which include butyrate, acetate and propionate. The production of SCFA occurs in the colon following microbial fermentation of dietary fibers and SCFA can also be consumed in c

• Introduction Breast cancer is the most common

  2022-02-28

  

  Introduction Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide, representing 30% of new cancer diagnoses. In addition, it is the second leading cause of cancer deaths among women [1]. With regard to the risk of breast cancer, proper diagnosis and stratification of tumors for individuali

• br Results and discussion GSTP is

  2022-02-28

  

  Results and discussion GSTP1 is a Phase II cytoprotective and detoxifying enzyme. Due to its role in the detoxification of numerous endogenous and exogenous chemical agents (with electrophilic functional groups), individuals with Ile105Val mutation in this gene show enhanced risk of atopic disord

• br Material and methods br Results

  2022-02-26

  

  Material and methods Results and discussion Unlike many fruits such as bananas and tomatoes, known as climacteric fruits, in which ripening is regulated by a burst of Pimozide receptor biosynthesis and an increase in respiration, pepper fruits, which do not follow this pattern, are called non

• On the other hand it is quite possible that

  2022-02-26

  

  On the other hand, it is quite possible that strychnine-sensitive glycine sites are responsible for mediating the anticonvulsant effects of GlyT1 inhibitors. Strychnine, which acts as an antagonist at these sites, is a well-known as a convulsant drug, and elevation of endogenous glycine levels at th

• The existence of EAAT subtypes raises

  2022-02-26

  

  The existence of 5 EAAT subtypes raises obvious questions as to the cellular and anatomical distribution of the various transporters (for review, see Gegelashvili & Schousboe, 1998, Danbolt, 2001). While difference in techniques (i.e., protein vs. mRNA), reagents, and preparations (i.e., in vivo vs.

• Our results revealed that when

  2022-02-26

  

  Our results revealed that when subjected to intravenous glucose tolerance tests, the RIP-Gcgr mice showed enhanced glucose tolerance and increased beta cell function, which is in agreement with the findings of Gelling et al. [6]. However, we also show that there is a reduced responsiveness of the be

• In this study we saw

  2022-02-26

  

  In this study, we saw change in GHS-R1a mRNA expression in fasting condition. It is noteworthy that changes in ghrelin and GHS-R1a mRNA expression synchronized in organs were examined. In the Tylosin tartrate and pituitary, gene expression increased 4days after fasting, and the increased level decl

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