• Protein phosphorylation is an important posttranslational me

  2023-02-06

  

  Protein phosphorylation is an important posttranslational mechanism for the regulation of distribution, trafficking, and function of modified proteins (Wang et al., 2014). GluA1 phosphorylation at S845 also has functional consequences (Lu and Roche, 2012). For instance, S845 phosphorylation drove tr

• br Introduction Arginase deficiency is a

  2023-02-06

  

  Introduction Arginase deficiency is a rare metabolic disorder resulting from a loss of arginase 1 (ARG1), the final enzyme in the urea cycle, which is the major pathway for the detoxification of ammonia in terrestrial mammals. ARG1 is expressed most prevalently in hepatocytes and red blood cells.

• Autophagy and apoptosis have a very complex relationship

  2023-02-06

  

  Autophagy and apoptosis have a very complex relationship, and the precise mechanism remains to be determined. At present, a large amount of research has confirmed that autophagy can protect the cell from apoptosis in special conditions such as nutrient deficiency or growth factors deprivation; the e

• There is a delicate balance between

  2023-02-06

  

  There is a delicate balance between ROS generation and scavenging by the protective antioxidant defenses in the cell. Antioxidant systems present in the Gambogic Acid include enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalases, glutathione peroxidases (GPxs) and peroxiredoxins (PRxs) (Fig. 3) [38].

• br Acknowledgements This work was supported in part

  2023-02-06

  

  Acknowledgements This work was supported, in part, by NIH grant R01-GM071760. Introduction The MADS box genes encode a eukaryotic family of transcriptional regulators involved in diverse and important biological functions. This class of proteins has been identified in yeasts, plants, insects,

• vomitoxin receptor br Materials and methods br Results

  2023-02-06

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion We demonstrate reduced angiogenic activity in NDRG1 overexpressing malignant glioma leading to reduced glioma growth. This antiangiogenic phenotype is paralleled by a significant upregulation of the antiangiogenic gene TNFSF15. TNFSF15 upregulation i

• With regard to participation of the S lipoxygenase in diabet

  2023-02-06

  

  With regard to participation of the 12S-lipoxygenase in diabetes mellitus, inconsistent results have been obtained. Earlier studies demonstrated that the leukocyte-type 12S-lipoxygenase is specifically expressed in pancreatic b-cells and is involved in regulating glucose-stimulated insulin secretion

• br Introduction Chronic kidney disease CKD is a worldwide pu

  2023-02-06

  

  Introduction Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health problem. This problem is even worse in socioeconomically deprived countries because lower income and social deprivation are associated with higher incidence of reduced GFR, progressive kidney function loss and end stage renal

• The relatively high concentration of HT used in this study

  2023-02-06

  

  The relatively high concentration of 5-HT used in this study (100 µM) is consistent with the concentrations used in other published ex vivo studies (Ropert and Guy, 1991, Passani et al., 1994, Shen and Andrade, 1998). In our paradigm 5-HT was focally applied at the surface of the slice via a fast pe

• To assess relative metabolic activity and proliferation

  2023-02-06

  

  To assess relative metabolic activity and proliferation of cisapride attached to various substrates we used the MTT assay [29], [30]. In order to compare the metabolic activity of cells under the various conditions irrespective of the number or viability of the cells, we performed a PicoGreen DNA a

• Furthermore new strategies to achieve a total androgen depri

  2023-02-01

  

  Furthermore, new strategies to achieve a total androgen deprivation namely by blocking either androgen biosynthesis as well as AR are being considered and should be a relevant topic in the near future. A successful example of this approach is galeterone (159), which not only inhibits the CYP17 enzym

• Adox receptor How does the ATM to ATR switch occur at

  2023-02-01

  

  How does the ATM-to-ATR switch occur at DSBs? The progressive attenuation of ATM activation could be attributed to the loss of DNA structures that activate ATM, or to the generation of DNA structures that interfere with ATM activation. Our finding that SSOs do not directly affect the binding of puri

• The mechanism governing how mechanotransduction signals regu

  2023-02-01

  

  The mechanism governing how mechanotransduction signals regulate a number of genes involved in cartilage hemostasis remains unclarified. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are activated by static and dynamic compression of cartilage (31 32). c-Fos/AP-1 is downstream of the MAPK pathway

• From a clinical utility standpoint this study

  2023-02-01

  

  From a clinical utility standpoint, this study showed that AR can be useful in the GATA3-positive tumor of unknown origin setting. Epidemiologically, in this setting, the top 2 diagnoses in the differential diagnosis are metastatic carcinoma of breast origin or urothelial origin [18]. Seven out of 1

• Synaptic scaling up is induced within primary visual cortex

  2023-02-01

  

  Synaptic scaling up is induced within primary visual PD 0325901 (V1) by brief sensory deprivation (Desai et al., 2002; Lambo and Turrigiano, 2013). Several studies have examined the transcriptional changes within extracts of V1 following visual deprivation protocols (Lachance and Chaudhuri, 2004; M

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